| Winners in business play rough and don't apologize | | | | Toyota?" "Is Wal-Mart Too Powerful?" and "What |
| for it. | | | | You Don't Know About Dell" - suggest there's |
| Toyota has steadily attacked the Big Three | | | | something not quite kosher about the way they |
| where their will to defend was weakest, moving | | | | achieve that success. |
| up the line from compact cars to mid- and full-size | | | | That's because Toyota, Dell, and Wal-Mart play |
| vehicles and on to Detroit's last remaining profit | | | | hardball. What do we mean by this? Hardball |
| centers, light trucks and SUVs. All the while, | | | | players pursue with a single-minded focus |
| Toyota has dared its rivals to duplicate a | | | | competitive advantage and the benefits it offers - |
| production system that gives the company | | | | leading market share, great margins, rapid growth, |
| unmatchable productivity and quality. | | | | and all the intangibles of being in command. They |
| Dell is similarly relentless, and ruthless, in dealing | | | | pick their shots, seek out competitive encounters, |
| with competitors. Last summer, the day after | | | | set the pace of innovation, test the edges of the |
| Hewlett-Packard announced weak results because | | | | possible. They play to win. And they do. |
| of price competition in PCs, Dell announced a | | | | Softball players, by contrast, may look good - |
| further across-the-board cut - delivering a swift | | | | they may report decent earnings and even get |
| kick to a tough rival when it was down. | | | | favorable ink in the business press - but they |
| Wal-Mart is well known for its uncompromising | | | | aren't intensely serious about winning. They don't |
| stance toward suppliers. In 1996, Rubbermaid, a | | | | accept that you sometimes must hurt your rivals, |
| $2 billion business that a few years earlier had | | | | and risk being hurt yourself, to get what you |
| been Fortune's most admired company, ventured | | | | want. Instead of running smart and hard, they |
| to contest Wal-Mart's pressure on suppliers to | | | | seem almost to be standing around and watching. |
| lower their prices - and Wal-Mart simply cut | | | | They play to play. And though they may not end |
| Rubbermaid off. (Newell acquired a struggling | | | | up out-and-out losers, they certainly don't win. |
| Rubbermaid in 1999.) Wal-Mart doesn't pull punches | | | | This may reflect the recent emphasis of |
| with competitors, either. In recent years, as | | | | management science, which itself has gone soft. |
| Kmart floundered in bankruptcy proceedings, | | | | Indeed, the discourse around a constellation of |
| Wal-Mart rolled out a knockoff of Kmart's Martha | | | | squishy issues - leadership, corporate culture, |
| Stewart product line, putting pressure on one of | | | | customer care, knowledge management, talent |
| the tottering retailer's few areas of success. | | | | management, employee empowerment, and the |
| Hardly anyone would dispute that Toyota, Dell, | | | | like - has encouraged the making of softball |
| and Wal-Mart have epitomized corporate success | | | | players. |
| over the past decade. But the raised eyebrows | | | | "Hardball", George Stalk, Jr. and Rob Lachenauer, |
| they provoke - recent BusinessWeek cover | | | | Harvard Business Review, April 2004. |
| articles have included "Can Anything Stop | | | | |